Stratum 1 Black
Stratum: More with less Stratum is a design solution to what most cripples geometric sans serifs: the lowercase. So commonplace are the blocked and clogged companions to the capitals that one could be forgiven if they were taken for a feature and not a bug of the genre at this point. From a type designers standpoint, their continued presence is perplexing but understandable: forego the geometry and you’re left with a lowercase unlike the capitals. But what to do? Forget the geometric shapes and just make it work? Or maybe Morris Fuller Benton was onto something when he didn’t include a lowercase with Bank Gothic. These are the ideas and frustrations that led to the development of Stratum.
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As with most projects initiated to solve long-standing problems, the road to a final solution was not direct. And so it was somewhere between scrapping the project altogether and omitting the baseline stem terminations of the b,d,p,q characters that it became clear the geometry itself should be ignored – at least for some of the characters. The solution is simple but effective: merge the oval corners of the lowercase to the stems without breaking the curve while using the geometry as a guide and not a solution. The result is a hybrid of sorts that honors the clean curves of the ovals while delivering a legible lowercase in all six weights. But what about the caps? You’ll notice in our specimens that they’re featured prominently and for good reason: geometric capitals are ideal for headlines. If you suspect a bias for capitals on our part you’re right.
We love that capitals remain crisp in all weights so it should come as no surprise that much of our efforts with the lowercase came from a desire to have a set of powerful geometric capitals in our library. Astute viewers will notice we’ve made a distinction within the family by offering Stratum 1 and Stratum 2. The differences between the two are simple: Stratum 1 features sharp terminations on the lowercase ascenders, descenders and on key terminations between the uppercase and lowercase. Stratum 2 on the other hand does not. All terminations are flat throughout for a uniform feel. When purchased as a group, the second is included at an 80% discount.
What is Stratum 1? In the world of NTP, stratum levels define the distance from the reference clock. A reference clock is a stratum-0 device that is assumed to be accurate and has lttle or no delay associated with it. The reference clock typically synchronizes to the correct time (UTC) using GPS transmissions, CDMA technology or other time signals such as Irig-B, WWV, DCF77, etc. Stratum-0 servers cannot be used on the network, instead, they are directly connected to computers which then operate as stratum-1 servers.
A server that is directly connected to a stratum-0 device is called a stratum-1 server. This includes all time servers with built-in stratum-0 devices, such as the EndRun Time Servers, and also those with direct links to stratum-0 devices such as over an RS-232 connection or via an IRIG-B time code. The basic definition of a stratum-1 time server is that it be directly linked (not over a network path) to a reliable source of UTC time such as GPS, WWV, or CDMA transmissions. A stratum-1 time server acts as a primary network time standard. A stratum-2 server is connected to the stratum-1 server OVER A NETWORK PATH. Thus, a stratum-2 server gets its time via NTP packet requests from a stratum-1 server. A stratum-3 server gets its time via NTP packet requests from a stratum-2 server, and so on.
As you progress through different strata there are network delays involved that reduce the accuracy of the NTP server in relation to UTC. Timestamps generated by an EndRun Stratum 1 Time Server will typically have 10 microseconds accuracy to UTC. A stratum-2 server will have anywhere from 1/2 to 100 ms accuracy to UTC and each subsequent stratum layer (stratum-3, etc.) will add an additional 1/2-100 ms of inaccuracy. For another explanation of NTP Strata read this wikipedia article on Copyright 2005-2009. All rights reserved.
Stratum 1 Clock Source
Our Network Time Servers.